MOTIVATION
Motivation is the process of initiating a conscious and purposeful
action. Motive means an urge, or combination of urge to induce conscious or
purposeful action. It is goal directed.
Definition
(h) The goal directed, need satisfying behaviour is called
motivation.
(i) It is a process of initiating a conscious and purposeful
action.
(j) Motive means an urge or combination of urges to induce
conscious or purposeful action.
Needs which motivate Human Beings
(i) Organic needs or physiological motives
Man is constructed in such a way that he requires certain things
in order that he may keep living. He is also so constituted that these needs
initiate activity that will eventually satisfy them. These are all basic
organic needs which demand periodic or continued satisfaction. These needs are
called appetites. (Eg.): breathing air, appetite of thirst, appetite for sleep
or rest etc.
(ii) Wants
People have unique personal wants.
(eg.) Likes and dislikes for specific food; play etc.
(iii) Emotions as motives
Under the influence of fear, anger etc., people may do many things
that they would not do normally. (eg.) Parents use fear to direct the behaviour
of children. Organisations use fear to produce a desired form of behaviour.
(iv) Feelings and attitudes as motives
An individual's experience activity is evaluated by him as
pleasant or unpleasant. When the experience is pleasant, individual has an
attitude of approach to that experience and if it is unpleasant, his attitude
is withdrawal.
(v) Social motives
Most people have a strong desire to achieve social approval. For
this, they try to improve their personality through clothes, possession of
things, knowledge, skills etc.
(vi) Others
Habit: Somebody's settled practice, especially something, that
cannot easily be given up. Established habit becomes almost automatic and requires only a
stimules to set it in action.
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